3 thoughts on “Membrane blepping vs membrane budding: Which occurs when?”
Membrane blepping denotes the formation of blisters on the membrane and is generally associated with necrosis and oncosis. Membrane budding denotes the formation of buds of membrane and is associated with apoptosis where apoptotic bodies containing organels etc. are released from the apoptotic cell.
Cell death occurs first – either through cellular swelling (Oncosis) or cellular shrinkage (Apoptosis) or Aponecrosis (Apoptosis+Necrosis). Then the dead cell undergoes Necrosis. Only dead cells undergo Necrosis, and the term is specific & limited only for dead cells. Necrosis is not how cells die; it’s what happens to them after death.
Nuclear changes – Pyknosis is common to all cell death processes. It’s the next step that differs. Oncosis will show karyolysis. Apoptosis will show karyorhexis.
Dear Rajeev,
I think your presentation and description of cell death is clear and intriguing. However, as I have said before, the events and morphological steps during cell death, is more or less linked to both tissue and patomechanism (disease). Necrosis has always been regarded as a passive process. However, the time point of no return when a cell turns into a dead one, is still controversial – for further information consult http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18846107 and http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21760595.
Again, it is also clear that necrotic cells undergoes sequential characteristic morphological steps before they are removed from the tissue. Therefore necrosis is a term that will stay in pathology. I think one can find examples of ruptured cell membrane (oncosis) followed by nuclear chromatin condensation into speckles of various size (smaller or bigger) which somehow corresponds to karyorrhexis before karyolysis, see e.g. Muller GJ, et al. Brain Pathology. 2004 Oct;14:415-424.
Best regards, Flemming
Membrane blepping denotes the formation of blisters on the membrane and is generally associated with necrosis and oncosis. Membrane budding denotes the formation of buds of membrane and is associated with apoptosis where apoptotic bodies containing organels etc. are released from the apoptotic cell.
Cell death occurs first – either through cellular swelling (Oncosis) or cellular shrinkage (Apoptosis) or Aponecrosis (Apoptosis+Necrosis). Then the dead cell undergoes Necrosis. Only dead cells undergo Necrosis, and the term is specific & limited only for dead cells. Necrosis is not how cells die; it’s what happens to them after death.
Nuclear changes – Pyknosis is common to all cell death processes. It’s the next step that differs. Oncosis will show karyolysis. Apoptosis will show karyorhexis.
Dear Rajeev,
I think your presentation and description of cell death is clear and intriguing. However, as I have said before, the events and morphological steps during cell death, is more or less linked to both tissue and patomechanism (disease). Necrosis has always been regarded as a passive process. However, the time point of no return when a cell turns into a dead one, is still controversial – for further information consult http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18846107 and http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21760595.
Again, it is also clear that necrotic cells undergoes sequential characteristic morphological steps before they are removed from the tissue. Therefore necrosis is a term that will stay in pathology. I think one can find examples of ruptured cell membrane (oncosis) followed by nuclear chromatin condensation into speckles of various size (smaller or bigger) which somehow corresponds to karyorrhexis before karyolysis, see e.g. Muller GJ, et al. Brain Pathology. 2004 Oct;14:415-424.
Best regards, Flemming